Study of Threes
Lists of Twos

(The Study of Threes)
http://threesology.org

During a research of the "threes phenomena", other patterns come to be viewed, regardless of how we may react to them... whether as a thorn in one's side, a confirmation of some consideration, or as an anomaly. One of these patterns is a grouping-of-two, though words such as pairs, couple (coupling), opposites, contrasts, (mirror) image, reflection, twin, twain, two-some, 'something and something else', counter-part, "significant other" (one's spouse), this or that, you and I/me and you, etc., might be used in accordance with the language of a given subject area or context of appearance.

Patterns-of-two do not offer an exception to the "three", but are a part of a "Rule -of- Three" in terms of a Singularity - Duality - Plurality context... with the most predominant plurality being a pattern-of-three. It's as if all of humanity is experiencing a 'cognitive limit' as did primitives of long ago whose counting sequences had, in their own language equivalent way, a word for the quantity 'One', a word for the quantity 'Two', and anything beyond this they had a word such as "Many", though we of today might well include other words such as much, more, other, etc... One of these alternative listings is the word "family". The word "family" means "many" when we cite the usage of a single person, a couple, and beyond these two would be a "family", as defined as a basic father - mother - child complex. We do not use an alternative word to designate the addition of other children. And, it can be noted that we use the phrase "extended family" to denote an even larger group of members who are considered to be closely associated. It is similar to the usage of "large" in that we do not have another word, but instead resort to a type of 1,2,3 recount by way of using X-large, XX-large, XXX-large. These examples are expressing cognitive limits. The human brain is using a very primitive and repetitive architecture. Despite all the words we might use, they do not conceal the primivity of thought processing taking place. The may be the result of some brain-maturational effect, and/or environmental (etc.) which keeps us locked into this brain echo, exercise, hang-up, babbling sequence, undulation, reverberation, cadence, or whatever you want to call it.

No doubt it was very strange long ago for someone to use a word such as "three" to designate a specific quantity when all others were using a word such as "Many", even though they reserved the usage of the word "Many" to represent a quantity of four or more. As time went on and specific words were developed for the quantities up to ten, we find that the quantity "eleven" was initially referred to as one and ten. While we of today use the words "eleven" and "twelve" instead of "one and ten", and "two and ten", the word "thirteen" and the other "teens" show remnants of the older counting system. The "thir" can either refer to third or three, with the "teen" being a reference to "ten". Hence, we find three and ten, four and ten, five and ten, etc... At the value of "twenty", the composite of "two and ten" might well be indistinguishable to some readers whose minds do not permit them to readily animate linguistic variations over large expanses of time. In other words, the ability to decipher some instances of modern usage from older forms takes a bit of imagination in order to break the "code" into an understandable translation.

Interestingly, in terms of American Democracy being defined in a general way by a usage of a "separation of powers"/"checks and balances" provision in the structure of a three-branch government... it is a cognitive limit. The usage of a word such as "Cenocracy" as a value inclusive of and yet expanded from this convention will no doubt be looked upon as queerly by some as did the usage of a word which designated a specific value of three in an early counting sequence as was mentioned previously. In other words, it is the beginning of a transition away from the old cognitive limit being used by the tripartite structure. It does not do away with the old system, per sey, it enhances it through a significant alteration. The term "Cenocracy" refers to a new way of counting Equality. It is a new cognitive mathematics that established systems will adapt to, just as are Americans who are being slowly transitioned into the usage of the metric system. A new social self- governance system is slowing making its way into the social mindset. The landscape of politics will change dramatically in the years to come because of different standard of equality being practiced.

With respect to the "two", one might also encounter instances of a prefix such as "bi" as in bicycle or "di" being used as in a dimer chemical compound. Of course there are other references concerning some two-patterned grouping that could be used, and those using them may not necessarily be conscious of their usage of such. We should also point out that if we were to include the example of "pairing" with respect to couples, the list would be in the millions, since most people only "pair" with one other person; not to mention that most births amongst animals involve either the generation of a male or female and not a mixture thereof. Most people are monogamous, in that they have only one mate... even though some may have multiple partners, such partnerships typically occur after another partner has or will eventually be totally replaced by another 'one'.

It should also be mentioned that in some instances, historians tend to exclude someone whose presence and accompanying actions were no doubt an integral contribution such as in the case of the Wright Brothers' sister and in the case of DNA, though Watson and Crick were initially given sole credit for the discovery of the design:

A 3-stranded DNA helix was initially offered by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1951. It was copied from ideas based on molecular structures developed by Linus Pauling. It was Rosalind Franklin who initially offered the correct design of a 2-stranded form that she was never given credit for until the 21st century. The efforts and contributions of women are frequently overlooked... even though it is colloquially noted that behind every great man is a (greater) woman.


In the case of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson; while we might refute the contribution of Holmes' housekeeper Mrs. Hudson as a dominant third entity, it is difficult to exclude the recurring contributions (whether good or bad) that were made by Inspector Lestrade of Scotland Yard. And since I am not intimately familiar with all the following "twos" examples, I can not speak on the possible existence of other "overlooked" three-patterns. In other words, patterns can often be found if we look for them with a particular mind-set in hand. Like different pieces of string encountered over a short or long period of time, it all depends on if our intent is to join them together into a ball of string, throw them away, or separate them according to some created formula for a proposed independent or collective usage.

The first example is a list of "twos" called pairs from the Wikipedia and some other associated two-patterned grouping lists. After-which I include a short list of what has been referred to as Persistent Dichotomies being taught and identified in psychology courses... but, interestingly, it is not being contrasted with the presence of Persistent Trichotomies, or its philosophical/psychological implications of mental growth and brain maturation that impact all other subject areas as well. While multiple "threes" examples have been noted by others, conclusions or at least considerations thereof have resorted to explanations based on superstition, religion, or some other antiquated supposition. While there is a preponderance of evidence to suggest otherwise, additional ideas are not routinely considered. However, one idea that has been offered which differs from those of the traditional past, is that the recurrence of "threes" (to which we might well add "twos"), is the notion of cultural predispositions... yet why there are such predispositions is not also being explored in reference to changes in preference either due to the culture itself or another culture's imposition, such as in the case of America's influence on cultures which are forced to except a continuing Military occupation and thus a persistent exposure to an American "threes enumerated" mindset.

Note: some of the information at the bottom of the page is duplicated on other pages at this site and at Cenocracy.org in the Female Leadership section.

Wikipedia: List of mythological pairs See also: Wikipedia: A List of "pairs' listings Mythological Pairs
  • Altair and Vega (couple from Chinese mythology)
  • Amphion and Zethus (twins)
  • Apollo and Artemis (twins)
  • Balin and Balan (siblings)
  • Castor & Pollux (astronomical; juxtapositions); also (twins) The twin stars in
  • Gemini; see also Dioscuri; see also Leda and the Swan
  • Damon & Pythias (companions)
  • David and Goliath (opponents)
  • Deucalion and Pyrrha (couple)
  • Diarmuid and Gráinne (couple)
  • Hagbard and Signy (the Romeo and Juliet of the Vikings)
  • The Dioscuri (twins; rivals/opponents)
  • Hero and Leander (couple)
  • Hansel & Gretel (siblings)
  • Hun-apu and Ixbalanque (twins)
  • Izanami and Izanagi (couple)
  • Ixchel and Itzamna (lovers)
  • Kaliyan & Kalicchi (First couple in Kali Yukam, as per Akilam)
  • Sampooranathevan & Paradevathai (couple as per Akilam)
  • Lancelot & Guinevere (couple)
  • Lucifer & Diana (Stregheria; couple)
  • Leda & the Swan (couple)
  • Mainyu & Mazda (conceptual; rivals/opponents)
  • Paris & Helen (Greek; couple)
  • Pelléas et Mélisande (couple)
  • Persephone & Hades (Greek; couple)
  • Philemon & Baucis (couple)
  • Pyramus and Thisbe (couple)
  • Rama & Sita (Hindu; couple)
  • Romulus & Remus (siblings)
  • Samson & Delilah (Biblical; couple)
  • Scylla & Charybdis (See also Scylla & Charybdis)
  • Tristan & Iseult (couple)
  • Troilus & Cressida (couple)
  • Zeus & Ganymede (couple)
  • Eros & Psyche (couple)
  • Selene & Endymion (couple)


Note: the following list of Sports pairs was initially retrieved from a wikipedia page: "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sports_pairs", but this page is no longer available. It only goes to show that Wikipedia pages are not eternal. Whereas I am sure the list needs to be updated, I have not done so at this updated maintenance period.

Sports Player Pairsy
  • Troy Aikman & Michael Irvin (NFL players)
  • Gene Alley & Bill Mazeroski (Pittsburgh Pirates MLB players; double-play combination)
  • Luis Aparicio & Nellie Fox (Chicago White Sox MLB players; double-play combination)
  • David Beckham & Ryan Giggs (Manchester United football (soccer) players)
  • Derek Bell and Jacky Ickx; (Anglo-Belgian racing drivers and multiple Le Mans winner)
  • Derek Bell and Al Holbert; (Anglo-American racing drivers)
  • Mark Belanger & Bobby Grich (Baltimore Orioles MLB players; double-play combination)
  • Gerhard Berger and Ayrton Senna; (Formula One drivers)
  • Jonas Björkman & Max Mirnyi (tennis players; regular doubles partners)
  • Serge Blanco & Philippe Sella (French rugby union players)
  • Frank & Ronald de Boer (Dutch football (soccer) players; twins and Dutch internationals)
  • Ben Bostrom and Eric Bostrom; (US motorcycle racers; brothers)
  • Bob & Mike Bryan (US tennis players; twin brothers who form a prominent doubles team)
  • David Campese & Mark Ella (Australian rugby union players)
  • Peter Collins and Mike Hawthorn; (Grand Prix drivers)
  • Dave Concepción & Joe Morgan (Cincinnati Reds MLB players; double-play combination)
  • Bob Cousy & Bill Russell (Boston Celtics NBA players)
  • Bobby & Jack Charlton (English football (soccer) players; brothers and England internationals)
  • Bobby Moore & Geoff Hurst (English football (soccer) players)
  • Johan Cruijff & Johan Neeskens (Dutch football (soccer) players)
  • Daunte Culpepper & Randy Moss (NFL players)
  • Marcel Desailly & Laurent Blanc (French football (soccer) players; central defenders for the France team that won the 1998 FIFA World Cup and Euro 2000
  • Alfredo Di St&eacute:fano & Ferenc Puskás (Real Madrid football (soccer) players)
  • Slava Fetisov & Alexei Kasatonov (USSR national team ice hockey players)
  • Ken Flach & Robert Seguso (US tennis players and longtime doubles partners)
  • Walt Frazier & Earl Monroe (New York Knicks NBA players)
  • Ekaterina Gordeeva & Sergei Grinkov (Soviet figure skaters; husband-and-wife pairs team)
  • George Gregan & Stephen Larkham (Australian rugby union players; most international appearances in the sport's history for a halfback partnership)
  • Peter Gregg and Hurley Haywood; (American racing drivers and multiple Daytona winner)
  • Wayne Gretzky & Jari Kurri (Edmonton Oilers and Los Angeles Kings NHL players)
  • Wayne Gretzky & Mark Messier (Edmonton Oilers and New York Rangers NHL players)
  • Ruud Gullit & Marco van Basten (Dutch football (soccer) players)
  • Naseem Hamed and Brendan Ingle; (boxer-trainer)
  • Elvin Hayes & Wes Unseld (Washington Bullets NBA players)
  • Phil Hill and Olivier Gendebien; (racing drivers)
  • Jason Johnson & Mark Johnson (AFL players)
  • Magic Johnson & James Worthy (Los Angeles Lakers NBA players)
  • Magic Johnson & Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (Los Angeles Lakers NBA players)
  • Michael Jordan & Scottie Pippen ( Chicago Bulls NBA players)
  • Paul Kariya & Teemu Selänne (Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Colorado Avalanche ice hockey players)
  • Jim Kelly & Andre Reed (Buffalo Bills NFL players)
  • Ren&eacute: & Willy van de Kerkhof (Dutch football (soccer) players; twins who are both in the FIFA 100, Pelé's 2004 list of the 125 greatest living footballers)
  • Harry Kewell & Mark Viduka (Australian international football (soccer) players)
  • Karch Kiraly & Kent Steffes (Beach volleyball team that won Olympic gold in 1996)
  • Jürgen Klinsmann & Rudi Völler (German football (soccer) players)
  • Raymond Kopa & Just Fontaine (French football (soccer) players)
  • Sandy Koufax & Don Drysdale (Los Angeles Dodgers baseball pitchers)
  • Michael & Brian Laudrup (Danish football (soccer) players; brothers who are both in the FIFA 100)
  • Mario Lemieux & Jaromír Jágr (Pittsburgh Penguins NHL players)
  • Roberto Mancini & Gianluca Vialli (Italian football (soccer) players)
  • Peyton Manning & Marvin Harrison (NFL players)
  • Roger Maris & Mickey Mantle (New York Yankees MLB players)
  • Joe Montana & Jerry Rice (NFL players)
  • Kazuyuki Morisaki & Koji Morisaki (Japanese Sanfrecce Hiroshima football (soccer) players)
  • Ilie Nastase & Ion Tiriac (Romanian tennis players)
  • Martina Navratilova & Pam Shriver (US tennis players; the dominant women's doubles team of the 1980s)
  • Gary & Phil Neville (English football (soccer) players)
  • Kenji Ogiwara & Tsugiharu Ogiwara (Japanese nordic combined skier)
  • Hakeem Olajuwon & Ralph Sampson, the "Twin Towers" (Houston Rockets NBA players)
  • Shaquille O'Neal & Kobe Bryant (one-time teammates on the Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA
  • See also: Shaq–Kobe feud Leander Paes & Mahesh Bhupathi (tennis players from India; regular doubles partners)
  • Jean-Pierre Papin & Eric Cantona (French football players)
  • Gary Payton & Shawn Kemp (Seattle SuperSonics NBA players)
  • Brian Piccolo & Gale Sayers (Chicago Bears NFL players; see also Brian's Song, a famous made-for-TV film about their friendship)
  • Paul Pierce & Antoine Walker (Boston Celtics NBA players)
  • Terry Porter & Clyde Drexler (Portland Trail Blazers NBA players)
  • Ramadhin & Valentine (West Indian cricket players, subject of song)
  • Roberto Carlos & Cafu, Brazilian football (soccer) players
  • David Robinson & Tim Duncan (San Antonio Spurs NBA players)
  • Romário & Bebeto (Brazilian football (soccer) players)
  • Ronaldo & Ronaldinho (Brazilian football (soccer) players)
  • Babe Ruth & Lou Gehrig (New York Yankees baseball players)
  • Jamie Salé & David Pelletier (Canadian figure skaters)
  • Brad Scott & Chris Scott (AFL players)
  • Andriy Shevchenko & Serhiy Rebrov (Ukrainian soccer players)
  • Stan Smith & Bob Lutz (US tennis players)
  • John Stockton & Karl Malone (Utah Jazz NBA players; teammates for nearly 20 years)
  • Chris Sutton & Alan Shearer (English football players, known as SAS)
  • Isiah Thomas & Joe Dumars (Detroit Pistons NBA players)
  • Alan Trammell & Lou Whitaker (Detroit Tigers baseball players; double-play combination)
  • Rory & Tony Underwood (English rugby union players; brothers and England internationals)
  • Omar Vizquel & Roberto Alomar (Cleveland Indians MLB players)
  • Ben & Rasheed Wallace (one-time teammates with the NBA's Detroit Pistons; not related)
  • Doc Blanchard "Mr Inside" and Glenn Davis "Mr Outside" (Army college football players and Heisman Trophy winners)
  • Jerry West "Mr Outside" and Elgin Baylor "Mr Inside" (Los Angeles Lakers NBA players)
  • Mark Woodforde & Todd Woodbridge, The Woodies (Australian tennis players; arguably the top doubles team of the late 20th century
  • Dwight Yorke & Andy Cole (Manchester United football (soccer) players; forwards for Manchester United that won the Premiership, FA Cup and the Champions League in 1999)
  • Steve Young & Jerry Rice (NFL players)
  • Venus and Serena Williams (U.S. tennis stars, sisters)
  • Tom Brady & Randy Moss National football league


This is another list that has disappeared from the Wikipedia that was initially found at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scientist_pairs. No doubt Wikipedia's guidelines for materials have either changed or the author removed the information.

Scientists who are known in their field as a pair
  • Frederick Banting and Charles Best (colleagues) co-discoverers of insulin
  • Geoffrey and Margaret Burbidge (colleagues; couple)
  • Pierre and Marie Curie (colleagues; couple)
  • James D. Watson and Francis Crick (Biology)
  • G. H. Hardy and John Littlewood (Number theory)
  • Kernighan and Ritchie (colleagues)
  • Computer scientists Masters and Johnson (colleagues)
  • Leonor Michaelis and Maud Menten (colleagues) Michaelis-Menten kinetics and enzyme kinetics
  • Albert Abraham Michelson and Edward Morley (colleagues) Michelson-Morley experiment
  • Irène Joliot-Curie & Frédéric Joliot (couple)
  • Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn (pre-war collaboration on nuclear fission)
  • Waltraut Seitter and Hilmar Duerbeck (German Astronomers, colleagues, couple)


Twins in Acting
  • Darcey and Stacey Silva, Reality TV Personalities, "The Twin Life"
  • Nathan and Carl Hughes (1987-) , UK & Ireland , www.dealersagency.co.uk
  • Shawn and Aaron Ashmore (1979–)
  • Eric and Brandon Billings (1992–)
  • Conrad and Bonar Bain (1923–)
  • Gayle and Gillian Blakeney (1966–)
  • The Borden Twins, Marilyn (1932–2009) and Rosalyn (1932–2003)
  • Nicholas Brendon and Kelly Donovan of Buffy the Vampire Fame
  • Madison and Miranda Carabello, appear on Medium as the youngest Dubois child, "Marie Dubois".
  • Shawn and Taylor Carpenter (1995–)
  • Charles and Max Carver
  • Andrew and Steven Cavarno (1992–)
  • Christopher and Timothy Christy, American pornography actors,
  • Dennis (1934–1991) and Phillip Crosby (1934–2004), sons of singer Bing Crosby
  • Christian and Joseph Cousins (1983–)
  • Brittany and Cynthia Daniel (1976–)
  • Jessica and Jesse Davis (1984–)
  • Colleen and Suzanne Dengel (1992–)
  • The Dolly Sisters, Rosie (1892–1970) and Jenny (1892–1941), American vaudeville performers
  • Amanda and Caitlin Fein (1992–)
  • Christopher and Kevin Graves (1989–)
  • Lindsay and Sidney Greenbush (1970–)
  • Amanda and Jessica Gunnarson (1989–)
  • Bruce and Seth Hall, American actors and former models.
  • Deidre and Andrea Hall (1947–)
  • Jacob and Zachary Handy (1993–)
  • Jon and Dan Heder (1977–)
  • Jill and Jacqueline Hennessy (1968–)
  • Kara and Shelby Hoffman (2002–)
  • Logan and Skyler Hudson
  • Linda and Terry Jamison, former comedians/performance artists now better known as The Psychic Twins
  • Hunter and Scarlett Johansson (1984–)
  • Paige and Ryanne Kettner (1991–)
  • Brent and Shane Kinsman (1997–)
  • Bryan and Denny Kirkwood (1975–)
  • Daniel and Jean Lautrec, Hungarian porn stars
  • Loredana and Raffaella Lecciso (1972–), Italian actors.
  • Jason and Jeremy London (1972–)
  • The Love twins, Lacey and Lyndsey Love (1983–), American porn actors.
  • Brianna and Brittany McConnell (1993–)
  • Erin and Caitlin Moore (1987–)
  • Tia and Tamera Mowry (1978–)
  • Erin and Diane Murphy (1964–)
  • Jeni and Kyndi Niquette (1988–) American film and television actresses. Members of the Screen Actors Guild. Best known for their national Clean & Clear commercial and MTV music video.
  • Liam and Aidan O'Donnell
  • Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen (1986–) actresses
  • Jennifer and Katherine Ostroth (1988–)
  • Peter and David Paul
  • Ryan and Kyle Pepi (1993–)
  • James and Oliver Phelps (1986–)
  • Pier Angeli (1932–1971; born Anna Maria Pierangeli) and Marisa Pavan (1932–; born Marisa Pierangeli)
  • Connie and Cassie Powney
  • Kathryn and Megan Prescott (1991–)
  • Giovanni Ribisi and Marissa Ribisi (1974–)
  • Daryl and Evan Sabara (1992–)
  • Liz and Jean Sagal (1967–)
  • Nicholas Brendon and Kelly Donovan (1971–; born Schultz)
  • Sophia and Whitney Schuring (1998–)
  • Jason and Kristopher Simmons (2002–)
  • Alicia and Annie Sorell
  • Dylan and Cole Sprouse (1992–)
  • Jennifer and Michele Steffin (1981–)
  • Connor and Garret Sullivan
  • Sullivan and Sawyer Sweeten (1995–)
  • Elliott and Luke Tittensor (1989–)
  • David Tom and Nicholle Tom (1978–)
  • Brenna and Bronwyn Tosh (2002–)
  • Harry Treadaway and Luke Treadaway (1984–)
  • Blake and Dylan Tuomy-Wilhoit (1990–)
  • Wendi and Brenda Turnbaugh (1977–)
  • Keaton and Kylie Rae Tyndall (1992–)
  • Paul and Peter Allen Vogt (1964–)
  • Amy and Emily Walton (2000–), played Bethany Platt in Coronation Street.
  • Malika Haqq and Khadijah Haqq (identical) – actresses


One set of triplets from the acting profession (Though there may be others.)

  • Joy, Leanna and Monica Creel, actresses


Twins in the Arts
  • Os Gêmeos, Brazilian graffiti artists
  • Moses Soyer and Raphael Soyer, American painters
  • Masashi Kishimoto and Seishi Kishimoto, manga artists


Twin Authors and Writers
  • Ann Landers (1918–2002; née Friedman) and Abigail Van Buren (1918–; née Friedman), American advice columnists
  • Julius (1909–2000) and Philip Epstein (1909–1952), American screenwriters The Guptara Twins, brothers Suresh Guptara and Jyoti Guptara, authors of the Insanity Saga
  • Anthony (1926–2001) and Peter Shaffer (1926–), English playwrights
  • Andrew Sean Greer (The Confessions of Max Tivoli) and Michael Greer
  • Ross (1925–1975) and Norris McWhirter (1925–2002), compilers of the Guinness Book of Records
  • Elyse Schein and Paula Bernstein, (1968) authors of Identical Strangers: A Memoir of Twins Separated and Reunited, Random House, 2007
  • Linda and Terry Jamison, authors of Separated at Earth: The Story of The Psychic Twins
  • Alex and Brett Harris (1988- ), Co-Authors of "Do Hard Things: A Teenage Rebellion
  • Against Low Expectations" Published by Random House in 2008 and founders of the
  • movement The Rebelution.
  • Austin Grossman (Soon I Will Be Invincible) and Lev Grossman (The Magicians), (1969-)


Twins in Business
  • David and Frederick Barclay (1934–) are British businessmen. Their Press Holdings
  • company owns The Business and The Spectator magazines, The Telegraph Group Limited.


Twins in Crime
  • Albert and Ebenezer Fox
  • Jeena and Sunny Han, see Han twins murder conspiracy.
  • Ronnie and Reggie Kray
  • June and Jennifer Gibbons


Twins in Filmmaking
  • John (1913–1985) and Roy Boulting (1913–2001), British filmmakers
  • Nicola and Teena Collins, (born c. 1978), British filmmakers, former actresses
  • Allen and Albert Hughes (1972–), American filmmakers
  • George and Mike Kuchar, American underground filmmakers
  • Mark and Michael Polish, American filmmakers
  • Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, American actressess


Twins in the Military
  • Johnny and Luther Htoo (born c. 1988), Burmese guerrillas
  • Gene C. McKinney and James C. McKinney of the U.S. Army. James was assigned to take over Gene's duties as Sergeant Major of the Army, the highest-ranking NCO in the Army, while Gene was under investigation.


Twins in Modeling
  • Shane and Sia Barbi, American models.
  • Brewer twins, Derek and Keith Brewer, models.
  • Carlson Twins, Kyle and Lane Carlson, fashion models.
  • Aaron Carter, American singer and model, and Angel Carter, American model.
  • Richard Gutierrez, Filipino actor, model, host, and Raymond Gutierrez, DJ, host, model.
  • Ikki Twins, Vikki and Rikki Mongeon, American models who appeared in A Double Shot at Love.
  • Naima and Nia Mora, American models.
  • Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen (born 1986), American actresses and entrepreneurs.
  • Paige and Ryanne Kettner (born 1991), American actresses and models.
  • Kristina and Karissa Shannon, the Playboy twins (two of Hugh Heffner's girlfriends).
  • Rosie and Renee Tenison (born 1968), twins of African-American descent.


Twins in Music
  • Natalie and Nicole Albino, members of Nina Sky
  • Didem and Sinem Balik, Turkish opera singers
  • George Barnett and Jack Barnett, members of four-piece band These New Puritans.
  • Mike and Pete Bishop, members of The Bishops
  • Keven "Dino" Conner and Solomon "Shazam" Conner, members of H-Town
  • Brian and Brandon Casey, members of R&B group Jagged Edge
  • Alex and Nels Cline (1956–), American avant-garde musicians
  • Kelley and Kim Deal, members of The Breeders
  • Lamb and Lynx Gaede, members of Prussian Blue
  • Marge and Mary Ann Ganser, members of the 1960s girl group The Shangri-Las
  • Robin (born 1949) and Maurice Gibb (1949–2003), British-born Australian musicians, two of the three Bee Gees
  • Matt and Luke Goss, singers in Bros
  • John and Edward Grimes, The X Factor contestants, Series 6
  • Monica and Gabriela Irimia (1982–), pop duo The Cheeky Girls
  • Emi and Yumi Ito (1941–), Japanese pop duo The Peanuts, also known for appearances in the Mothra and Godzilla movies of the 1960s
  • Yusuke and Hisato Izaki, members of Flame (Japanese Group) They have also done some acting in movies such as Devilman and Crows Zero
  • Ryan and Gary Jarman (born 1980) of the British indie band The Cribs
  • Ben and James Johnston, members of the Scottish rock band Biffy Clyro
  • Herbert and Harold Kalin of the Kalin Twins
  • Kinya and Seiya Kamijo, members of Japanese rock band Penpals
  • Tom and Bill Kaulitz (1989–), identical twin members of the German rock group Tokio Hotel
  • Kessler Twins, Ellen and Alice Kessler, German entertainers.
  • Heather and Jennifer Kinley, members of country music duo The Kinleys
  • Felisha and Fallon King, members of Cherish
  • Ryan and Dan Kowarsky, Canadian singing duo RyanDan
  • Nathan and Matthew Leone, of post-hardcore, emo, alternative rock band Madina Lake
  • Brittney and Bridget Livingston of Triple Image
  • Evan and Jaron Lowenstein, American musicians known as Evan and Jaron.
  • Edele Barrett and Keavy Lynch (1979–), of pop group B*Witched
  • Benji and Joel Madden, (1979–) of the American pop punk band Good Charlotte
  • Sam and Amanda Marchant, pop duo Samanda
  • Wendy and Susannah Melvoin (1964–), French-American singers known for their association with Prince
  • Jacob and Joshua Miller, members of Nemesis Rising
  • Mihaela and Gabriela Modorcea, members of Indiggo
  • Gunnar and Matthew Nelson of the band Nelson
  • Peter and Paul Okoye, Only Members of Nigerian hip hop artists P-Square
  • Jacob and Joshua Olds, members of Family Force 5
  • Lisa and Jessica Origliasso, Australian pop duo The Veronicas
  • Simone and Amedeo Pace, members of Blonde Redhead
  • Charles (1948–) and John Panozzo (1948–1996), Styx
  • Güher and Süher Pekinel, Turkish duo-pianists
  • Tegan and Sara Quin, identical Canadian musicians
  • Charlie and Craig Reid, Scottish alternative rockers The Proclaimers
  • Lee and Tyler Sargent, members of Clap Your Hands Say Yeah
  • Denny and Kenny Scott, members of Swirl 360
  • Walter and Wallace "Scotty" Scott, lead singers of The Whispers
  • Tom and Dan Searle, guitarist and drummer respectively for UK band Architects
  • Jeremy and Louis Sheets (1985–), members of Set To Fail
  • Toni and Trisha Sherwood, members of 11:30
  • Stuart and James Steele, members of Exit Ten.
  • Gyða and Kristín Anna Valtýsdóttir, former members of Icelandic group M&uacute:m
  • Janice and Jill Vidal, Hong Kong singers
  • Chandra and Leigh Watson, members of The Watson Twins
  • Andy Williams and his twin brother Jez Williams from British alt rockers Doves.


Twins in Politics
  • Angela Eagle and Maria Eagle, British members of Parliament
  • Jaroslaw and Lech Kaczynski, Polish former prime minister and president respectively; formerly child actors


Twins in Reality Television
  • Amanda and Michelle Babin, America's Next Top Model Cycle 7
  • Jana and John David Duggar, Jedidiah and Jeremiah Duggar, featured along with their 15 siblings on 19 Kids and Counting
  • Cara and Madelyn Gosselin, featured along with their sextuplet siblings on Jon & Kate Plus 8
  • John and Edward Grimes, series 6 of The X Factor, 2009 (1991—)
  • Ron and Richard Harris (Aswirl Twins), America's Next Top Model Cycle 6,7,11
  • The Ikki Twins, Vikki and Rikki star as the "World's Hottest Twins" in MTV's A Double Shot at Love 2008
  • Leigh and Leslie Keno (1957–), furniture experts, Antiques Roadshow appraisers, Find! hosts
  • Amanda and Sam Marchant (1988–), known as "Samanda", contestants in Big Brother (UK, 2007) (1988–)
  • Greg and David Mathew, joint winners of Big Brother Australia in 2005 (1982–)
  • Adria Montgomery-Klein and Natalie Montgomery-Carroll, Big Brother 5 (US)
  • Becky and Jessie O'Donohue, reality TV contestants (Fear Factor, American Idol) and models (1980–)
  • Raghu Ram and Rajiv Laxman, producers of MTV Roadies


Twins in Royal Families
  • Alexander Helios (b. 40 BC) and Cleopatra Selene II (40 BC-6)
  • James II of Scotland (1430–1460) and Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay (1430-1430)
  • Princess Louise élisabeth of France (1727–1759) and Princess Henriette of France (1727–1752)
  • Philipp, Landgrave of Hesse (1896–1980) and Prince Wolfgang of Hesse (1896–1989)
  • Prince Christoph of Hesse (1901–1943) and Richard Wilhelm Leopold (1901–1969)
  • Archduchess Michaela and Archduchess Monika of Austria (1954–)
  • Princess Aisha and Princess Sara bint Al Faisal (1997–)
  • Prince Alexander and Prince Philip of Yugoslavia (1982–)
  • Prince Aymeric and Prince Nicolas of Belgium (2005–)
  • Princess Helene and Prince Sergius of Yugoslavia (1963–)
  • Jacques, duc d'Orléans and Michel, comte d'Evreux (1941–)
  • Prince Jaime, Count of Bardi and Princess Margarita of Bourbon-Parma (1972–)
  • Prince Jean and Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg (1957–)
  • Lucilla (148–182), daughter of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius; twin brother Gemellus Lucillae died young
  • Princess Maria Gabriella and Princess Maria Teresa of Orleans-Bragança (1959–)
  • Princess Sofia and Prince Umberto of Bulgaria (1999–), twin children of Konstantin-Assen, Prince of Vidin.


Twins in Science
  • Alex and Michael Bronstein, co-inventors of a three-dimensional face recognition technology
  • Mark E. and Scott J. Kelly, first astronaut twins
  • Stewart and Cyril Marcus, gynecologists – inspiration for the David Cronenberg film Dead Ringers


Twins in Speech Therapy
  • Poto and Cabengo
  • June and Jennifer Gibbons


Twins in Sports
  • Dan and Ran Alterman (born 1980), Israeli triathletes
  • Hamit and Halil Altintop, Turkish football (soccer) players
  • Vasili and Aleksei Berezutski, Russian football (soccer) players
  • Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira and Antônio Rogério Nogueira (born 1976), Brazilian MMA fighters
  • Archil and Shota Arveladze (born 1973), Georgian international football (soccer) players
  • Alberto and Carlos Arroyo, basketball players; Alberto in the BSN, Carlos in the National Basketball Association (NBA)
  • McWilliams and McJoe Arroyo, Puerto Rican amateur boxers
  • Herbert and Wilfred Baddeley, British tennis players
  • Ronde and Tiki Barber (born 1975), National Football League (NFL) players
  • Patrick and Pascal Barré (born 1959), French track and field sprinters
  • Guillermo and Gustavo Barros Schelotto (born 1973), Argentine football (soccer) players
  • Alec (born 1918) and Eric Bedser (1918–2006), England cricketers
  • Sergei and Anatoli Beloglazov (born 1956), Soviet wrestlers
  • Frank and Ronald de Boer (born 1970), Dutch international football (soccer) players
  • Tom and Terry Brands (born 1968), American amateur wrestlers and Olympic medalists
  • Bob and Mike Bryan, Bob and Mike Bryan (born 1978) – American professional tennis players.
  • Josh and Daniel Bullocks (born 1983) National Football League (NFL) players
  • Heather and Heidi Burge, American WNBA players
  • Jim and Finlay Calder, Scotland rugby union international players
  • José and Ozzie Canseco (born 1964), Major League Baseball players
  • Dionísio and Domingos Castro (born 1963), Portuguese long-distance runners
  • Pierre Caesar and Pablo Caesar, Caesar Twins, (born) 1980 Polish theatrical-gymnasts
  • Adam and James Chambers (born 1980), English footballers
  • David and Malcolm Changleng (born 1970), Scottish international rugby union referees
  • Giulio and Nicola Ciotti (born 1976), Italian high jumpers
  • Jarron and Jason Collins, American NBA basketball players
  • Felipe and Manuel Contepomi (born 1977), Argentine international rugby union players
  • Alissa and Amber Czisny, American figure skaters
  • Philipp and David Degen, Swiss national footballers
  • Jorge and Julio Dely Valdés, Panamanian international footballers
  • Christoph and Markus Dieckmann (born 1976), German beach volleyball players
  • Lukáš and Tomáš Došek, (born 1978) Czech football (soccer) players
  • Jeroen and Henrico Drost, Dutch football (soccer) players
  • Alexander and Vladimir Efimkin, (born 1981), Russian road racing cyclists
  • Mark and Michael Evans (born 1957), Canadian rowers
  • Caroline and Georgina Evers-Swindell, New Zealand world champions double sculls (rowing)
  • Anthony and Saia Faingaa, Australian rugby union footballers
  • Stephen and Matthew Febey, AFL footballers
  • Bia and Branca Feres, (born 1988) Brazilian Olympic synchronized swimmers
  • Peter and Chris Ferraro, National Hockey League players
  • Antonio and Emanuele Filippini (born 1973), Italian football (soccer) players
  • Miguel and Javier Flaño, Spanish football (soccer) players
  • Daryl and Cheryl Ford, (born 1981), basketball players
  • Jörg and Uwe Freimuth (born 1961), East German track and field athletes
  • Ron Futcher and Paul Futcher (born 1956), English football (soccer) players
  • Brianna and Nicole Garcia, The Bella Twins (born 1983), professional wrestlers.
  • Kaokor and Khaosai Galaxy (born 1959), Thai world champion boxers
  • Chris and James Gowans, SANFL footballers
  • Joey and Stephen Graham, NBA basketball players
  • Horace and Harvey Grant (born 1965), NBA players
  • Michael and Marcus Griffin (born 1985), American NFL footballers.
  • Adam and Joel Griffiths footballers who play for the Newcastle United Jets football club
  • Tim (1951–1996) and Tom Gullikson (born 1951), pro tennis players, doubles champions
  • Arnar and Bjarki Gunnlaugsson (born 1973), Icelandic footballers
  • Paul and Morgan Hamm (born 1982), Olympic gymnasts
  • Don and Ron Harris, Harris Brothers (born 1961), professional wrestlers
  • Katrine Lunde Haraldsen and Kristine Lunde Borgersen (born 1980), Norwegian handball players
  • Alvin and Calvin Harrison, American sprinters and Olympic athletes
  • Hossam and Ibrahim Hassan, Egyptian footballers
  • Earl and Dave Hebner, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling referees
  • Richard Hills and Michael Hills (born 1963), English Jockeys
  • David and Dean Holdsworth (born 1968), English footballers
  • Matt Hughes and Mark Hughes (born 1973), American wrestlers and mixed martial arts fighters
  • David (born 1937) and Peter Jackson (1937–1991), English footballers
  • Sarah and Karen Josephson (born 1964), American synchronized swimmers
  • Jenny and Susanna Kallur, Swedish hurdle runners
  • René and Willy van de Kerkhof (born 1951), Dutch international footballers
  • Daniela and Sandra Klemenschits (born 1982), Austrian tennis players
  • Erwin and Helmut Kremers (born 1949), Germany international footballers
  • Tai and Tasesa Lavea (born 1980), New Zealand former NRL footballers (Tasesa Lavea now plays rugby union in New Zealand)
  • Darjuš and Kšyštof Lavrinovic (born 1979), Lithuania international basketball players
  • Nathan and Ryan Lonie, AFL footballers
  • Brook and Robin Lopez (born 1988), American basketball players
  • Alistair and Stewart Lord, AFL footballers
  • Henrik and Joel Lundqvist, Swedish ice hockey players
  • Phil and Steve Mahre (born 1957), American alpine skiers
  • Hamish and James Marshall, New Zealand cricketers
  • Eissa Meer and Ibrahim Meer, UAE footballers, played together in the 1990 FIFA World Cup
  • Coco and Kelly Miller (born 1978), WNBA players
  • Colin and Keith Morgan (born 1973), Canadian twins and judoka's
  • Kazuyuki and Koji Morisaki (born 1981), Japanese football (soccer) players
  • Brett and Josh Morris, rugby league footballers
  • Isabelle and Beatrice Mouthon (born 1966), French triathletes
  • Mildred and Marianne Muis (born 1968), Dutch swimmers
  • Akona and Odwa Ndungane (born 1981), South African rugby union footballers
  • Phil Neville, English footballer, and Tracey Neville, English netballer
  • Dennis and Gérard de Nooijer, Dutch footballers
  • Amanda and Isabelle Nylander, Swedish figure skaters
  • Emilia and Erika Nyström, Finnish beach volleyball players
  • Kenji and Tsugiharu Ogiwara (born 1969), Japanese Nordic combined world champion skiers
  • Amanda and Tess Oliveira, Brazilian water polo players
  • Hiromi and Takami Ominami (born 1975), Japanese long-distance runners
  • Janet and Ann Osgerby (born 1963), English swimmers
  • Javier and Ricardo Otxoa Palacios (born 1974, Ricardo died in 2001), Spanish cyclists
  • Ashley and Courtney Paris (born 1987), American basketball players
  • Maksym (1988–2008) and Pavlo Pashayev (born 1988), Ukrainian footballers
  • Borut and Darjan Petric (born 1964), Yugoslav swimmers
  • Mike and Dan Pletch (born 1983), Canadian rugby union players
  • Jolanta and Rasa Polikeviciute (born 1970), Lithuanian road cyclists
  • Andreas and Thomas Ravelli, Swedish football players
  • Ebbe and Peter Sand (born 1972), Danish football (soccer) players
  • Hisato and Yuto Sato (born 1982), Japanese football (soccer) players
  • Shu and Kei Sato (born 1977), Japanese professional wrestlers
  • Chris and Brad Scott, AFL footballers
  • Daniel and Henrik Sedin, Swedish ice hockey players
  • Mike and Todd Shane, Shane Twins, professional wrestlers
  • Antonio and Piero Selvaggio (born 1958), Italian long-distance runners
  • Rafael and Fabio Pereira da Silva, Brazilian footballers
  • Randy and Jason Sklar (born 1972), hosts of ESPN Classic's Cheap Seats
  • Karyne and Sarah Steben, Steben Twins, trapezists
  • Patrik and Peter Sundström, Swedish ice hockey players
  • Ron and Rich Sutter (born 1963), Canadian NHL hockey players
  • Vladimir and Valeriy Sydorenko (born 1976), Ukrainian boxers
  • Tõnu and Toomas Tõniste (born 1967), Estonian sailboat racers
  • Dick and Tom Van Arsdale (born 1943), former NBA basketball players
  • Roel and Mansueto Velasco (born 1972), Filippino boxers
  • Darryl and Shane Wakelin, AFL footballers
  • Kevin and Kerrod Walters, rugby league footballers
  • Mark and Steve Waugh (born 1965), Australian cricketers
  • Dora and Cora Webber (born 1958), American women world champion boxers
  • Cristian and Damiano Zenoni (born 1977), Italian football (soccer) players
  • Marcin and Michal Zewlakow (born 1976), Polish international footballers
  • Bengt and Björn Zikarsky (born 1967), German freestyle swimmers
  • Dorota Mogore-Tlalka and Malgorzata Mogore-Tlalka (born 1963), polish-french alpine skiers
  • Flavio Paixao and Marco Paixao (Born 1984) Portuges Footballers Both Playing At Hamilton Academical


Twins with differing claims to fame... This lists twins who are notable in widely different fields.

  • Alexandra Paul, actress (most notably on Baywatch), and Caroline Paul, writer
  • Charlotte Ronson, fashion designer, and Samantha Ronson, DJ and singer
  • Xiah Junsu(Kim Junsu) member of the Korean Boyband Tvxq, Kim Junho Korean actor

Conjoined (Siamese) twins: Wikipedia: Conjoined Twins
Famous people with a Twin


  • James Alexandrou, actor (twin sister Antoinette)
  • Chad Allen, actor (twin sister, Charity)
  • Carl Anderson singer/actor (twin died as an infant)
  • Mario Andretti, racing driver (twin brother, Aldo)
  • Kofi Annan, former United Nations Secretary-General (twin sister Efua)
  • Lillian Asplund, last American survivor of the Titanic disaster (twin brother, Carl Edgar, died in the sinking)
  • Conrad Bain, Canadian actor (twin brother Bonar)
  • Gracia Baur, German pop singer (identical twin sister Patricia)
  • Blaze Berdahl, American actress (twin sister Beau)
  • Josh Bernstein, American explorer & TV host (identical twin brother Andrew)
  • Nicholas Brendon, actor (twin brother Kelly)
  • Jim Broadbent, actor (twin sister died at birth)
  • Gisele Bündchen, supermodel (fraternal twin sister Patrícia)
  • Gabrielle Carteris, American actress (twin brother, James)
  • Karen Cellini (actress from the TV series Dynasty), has a twin sister named Kate
  • Justin Chambers, American actor (twin brother Jason)
  • Keith Chegwin, British TV presenter and former actor (twin brother, Jeff)
  • Gary Cherone, American musician (fraternal twin brother, Greg)
  • Montgomery Clift, actor (twin sister Roberta)
  • Henry Cooper, British boxer (twin brother George)
  • Bucky Covington, American Idol finalist (identical twin brother Rocky)
  • Sophia Crawford, martial arts-actress (triplet brother and sister)
  • Andrew Daddo, Australian actor (fraternal twin Jamie)
  • Ann B. Davis, The Brady Bunch (twin sister Harriet)
  • Fennis Dembo, former NBA player (twin sister Fenise)
  • Tanja Dexters, Miss Belgium 1998 (twin sister Mieke)
  • Philip K. Dick, American writer (twin sister Jane, died after birth)
  • Vin Diesel, American actor (fraternal twin brother Paul Vincent)
  • Duffy, Welsh soul singer (twin sister Katy)
  • Marc Elliott, British actor (twin sister Sophie)[4]
  • Karen Elson, English supermodel (fraternal twin sister Kate)
  • John Elway, NFL quarterback (twin sister Jana)
  • Theo Epstein, GM of the Boston Red Sox (twin brother Paul)
  • Mike Espy, former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture (twin sister Michelle)
  • Jerry Falwell, televangelist (twin brother, Gene)
  • Joseph Fiennes, actor (twin brother, Jacob)
  • Max Gail, actor (twin sister, Mary)
  • Andy García, actor (parasitic twin brother removed from Andy's shoulder; died soon after)
  • Eva Green, actress (fraternal twin sister Joy)
  • Jerry Hall, American model and actress (twin sister, Terry)[1]
  • Linda Hamilton, actress (identical twin sister Leslie, who played the "T-1000 Sarah" in Terminator 2: Judgment Day)
  • Victor Davis Hanson, author (fraternal twin brother Alfred)
  • Jon Heder, actor (identical twin brother Daniel)
  • William Randolph Hearst, newspaper magnate (twin died as an infant)
  • Jill Hennessy, Canadian actress (twin sister Jacqueline – both appeared in the movie "Dead Ringers")
  • Marilu Henner, actress (twin sister Crystal)
  • John Hensley, actor (fraternal twin sister)
  • Ryan Howard, Phillies Player (twin brother Corey)
  • Matt Hughes, martial arts fighter (identical twin brother Mark)
  • Marlon Jackson, singer (twin brother Brandon, died at birth)
  • David Jason, actor (twin brother Jason died at birth)
  • Chris Joannou, Silverchair bass player (twin sister Louise)
  • Scarlett Johansson, actress (twin brother Hunter)
  • Jay Kay, singer (twin brother died at birth)
  • Cory Kennedy, American Internet celebrity (fraternal twin sister Chris)
  • Ashton Kutcher, actor (fraternal twin brother Michael)
  • David Kohan, TV producer (twin brother Jono)
  • Kate Lawler, UK Big Brother 3 winner (twin sister Karen)
  • Gigi Leung, singer (twin brother Keith Leung)
  • Liberace, impresario (twin died as an infant)
  • Tony Liberatore, AFL footballer with the Western Bulldogs (twin brother Fred)
  • Cory Lidle, American former baseball player (twin brother Kevin)
  • Thad Luckinbill, soap opera actor (twin brother Trent)
  • John Maine, Major League Baseball pitcher (fraternal twin brother)
  • Shawn Marion, NBA basketball player (twin sister Shawnett)
  • Susie Maroney, Australian swimmier (fraternal twin Sean)
  • Kim Mathers, Eminem's ex wife (non-identical twin Dawn)
  • Victor A. McKusick, professor of genetics (twin brother Vincent was chief justice of the Maine superior court)
  • Naima Mora, America's Next Top Model (twin sister Nia)
  • Alanis Morissette, Canadian rock singer/songwriter (twin brother Wade)
  • Burt Munro, New Zealand motorcycle racer (twin sister died at birth)
  • Olly Murs, British singer (fraternal twin brother Ben)
  • Mandy Musgrave, American actress (identical twin sister Jamie)
  • Gaute Ormåsen, Norwegian singer (fraternal twin brother Hogne)
  • Jason Orange, member of Take That (twin brother Justin)
  • John Osborne (writer), British author (twin sister Karen)
  • Elvis Presley, (twin brother Jesse Garon died at birth)
  • Parker Posey, actress (twin brother Chris)
  • Richard Quest, CNN anchor (twin sister Caroline)
  • Dack Rambo, American actor (twin brother, Dirk)
  • Judy Reyes, actress (twin sister, Joselin)
  • Marty Robbins, Country Music singer (twin sister Mamie)
  • Isabella Rossellini, actress (twin sister Isotta Ingrid)
  • J. D. Roth, actor (twin sister Heidi)
  • Giovanni Ribisi, actor (twin sister Marissa)
  • Judith Scott, artist (twin sister, Joyce)
  • Teemu Selanne, hockey player (twin brother, Paavo)
  • Sab Shimono, actor
  • Lori Singer, actress (twin brother Gregory)
  • Gabriela Spanic, Venezuelan actress (twin sister Daniela)
  • Katy Steele, lead singer of Little Birdy, (twin brother, Jake)
  • Curtis Strange, professional golfer, (identical brother Allen)
  • Ed Sullivan, TV host (twin died as an infant)
  • Sandra Sully, Australian journalist
  • Kiefer Sutherland, actor (twin sister Rachel)
  • Amanda Tapping, actress (twin brother Chris)
  • Jim Thorpe, American athlete (twin brother, Charlie)
  • Jon Tickle, UK Big Brother 4
  • Garrett Tierney, musician (identical twin brother Shaun)
  • Paul Tsongas, American politician (twin sister, Thaleia)
  • Ronan Tynan, twin brother died as an infant
  • Sarah Vowell, American author (twin sister Amy)
  • Shayne Ward, (twin sister Emma)
  • Billy Dee Williams, actor (twin sister Loretta)
  • Ricky Williams, American football player (twin sister Cassie)
  • Marvin Winans, gospel singer (twin brother Carvin)
  • Will Young, British singer (fraternal twin brother Rupert)
  • Paul McDermott, Australian comedian
  • Carlo Colaiacovo, hockey player (brother Paulo)
  • Tasha Smith (identical twin sister Sidra) – Actresses


Famous parent of Twins (and other multiples)
  • Marc Anthony and Jennifer Lopez
  • Lance Armstrong
  • Adrienne Barbeau
  • Julian Barratt
  • Billy Beane
  • Garcelle Beauvais
  • Corbin Bernsen and Amanda Pays
  • Francis Bouillon
  • Fern Britton
  • Matthew Broderick and Sarah Jessica Parker
  • George W. and Laura Bush, parents of Barbara and Jenna Bush
  • Nicky Byrne and Georgina Ahern
  • Adam Carolla
  • Justin Chambers
  • Rob Cohen (triplets)
  • Elvis Costello and Diana Krall
  • Bing Crosby
  • Marcia Cross
  • Andrew Cuomo and Kerry Kennedy
  • Geena Davis
  • Jack Dee
  • Patrick Dempsey
  • P. Diddy
  • James Doohan
  • Tommy Dreamer and Beulah McGillicutty
  • John Engler (triplets, born while he was Governor of Michigan)
  • Melissa Etheridge and Tammy Lynn Michaels
  • Roger and Mirka Federer
  • Darren Fletcher
  • Michael J. Fox and Tracy Pollan
  • Nomar Garciaparra and Mia Hamm
  • Peri Gilpin
  • Raúl González
  • Eddie Gutierrez and Anabelle Rama
  • Marcia Gay Harden
  • Steve Harvey
  • Ron Howard
  • Julio Iglesias
  • Chris Jericho
  • Jo Joyner[5]
  • James Keach and Jane Seymour
  • Joseph Patrick Kennedy II and Sheila Rauch Kennedy
  • Martin Kove
  • George Lazenby and Pam Shriver
  • Martie Maguire
  • Karl Malone
  • Jason Manford
  • Ricky Martin
  • Mo'Nique
  • Steve Nash
  • Ricky Nelson
  • Chuck Norris
  • Soledad O'Brien
  • Jerry O'Connell and Rebecca Romijn
  • Ronan O'Gara
  • Peter Onorati
  • Tito Ortiz and Jenna Jameson
  • Al Pacino
  • Jane Pauley
  • Rodney Peete and Holly Robinson
  • Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie
  • Otto Preminger
  • Lisa Marie Presley
  • Dennis Quaid
  • Gordon Ramsay
  • Molly Ringwald
  • Julia Roberts
  • Emily Robison
  • Kenny Rogers
  • Ray Romano
  • Boris Sagal
  • Joe Sakic
  • Adam Savage
  • Rita Simons[6]
  • Charlie Sheen
  • Donald Sutherland and Shirley Douglas
  • Jane Swift – The first state governor in U.S. history to give birth while in office; had twins about a month after becoming Governor of Massachusetts
  • Niki Taylor
  • Margaret and Denis Thatcher, parents of Carol and Mark Thatcher
  • Richard Thomas (triplets)
  • Cheryl Tiegs
  • Feodor Vassilyev (his first wife gave birth to 16 sets of twins, 7 sets of triplets and 4 sets of quadruplets)
  • Kurt Warner
  • Denzel Washington
  • Ben Watt and Tracey Thorn


Records Set by Twins
  • Alice and Nelly Clarke (born 1900), oldest twins in Britain
  • Mary Crombie, longest-lived person born a twin (1890–2003), sister died at 94
  • Heaviest twins at birth - The world's heaviest twins were born to John Prosser Haskin and Mary Ann Ward (USA) on Feb. 20, 1924. They had a combined weight of 27 lb. 12 oz. (12.6 kg). Named John Prosser Haskin II and Patricia Jane Haskin. Mother (Ward) is a descendant of Maurice IV de Berkeley and Elizabeth le DeSpencer; also from Joan (wife of Gilbert IV "the Red" de Clare) daughter of King Edward I "Longshanks" Plantagenet.
  • Thomas and Grace Houghton-Burnett (born 2002), heaviest mixed sex twins born in the UK (Thomas 10 lb 1 oz or 4.56 kg, Grace 8 lb 2 oz or 3.69 kg); also heaviest twins born via normal delivery in the UK (rather than by Caesarean section).
  • Gin Kanie and Kin Narita (born 1892), oldest twins in Japan and national icons, died 2001 and 2000 respectively
  • James and Thomas Mollekin, Britain's tallest twins. Both are 6' 10" (208 cm)
  • Daniel and Espi Dooley, heaviest conjoined twins, born in Australia, 8.56 kg
  • Claire and Ann Recht, current volleyball players at American University in Washington,
  • D.C., are the tallest living female twins, at 6' 7" or 2.01 m.Recht Twins
  • Benny and Billy McGuire, heaviest ever twins at 814 and 784 pounds. Born in Hendersonville, NC, USA in 1947. Billy died in 1979, Benny in 2001.
  • Michael and James Lanier, tallest living male twins, at 7' 6" or 2.286m Tallest Twins


Twins in Mythology
  • Castor and Pollux, the Gemini twins, aka the Dioscuri
  • Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra, twin sisters of Castor and Pollux
  • Cassandra and Helenus, daughter and son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy.
  • Both were prophets who were always right, but Cassandra was cursed to never be believed.
  • The Ashvins, divine twin horsemen in the Rigveda
  • Romulus and Remus, mythical founders of Rome
  • Lava and Kusha, twins of Lord Rama and Sita
  • Apollo and Artemis, son and daughter of Zeus and Leto. Apollo is the god of the sun
  • and Artemis is the goddess of the moon, hunting, and fertility.
  • Heracles and Iphicles (twins from different fathers)


Literary Fictional Characters who are Twins
  • Fred and George Weasley, fictional characters in the Harry Potter universe. Also Parvati and Padma Patil and Gideon and Fabian Prewett, Fred and George Weasley's uncles.
  • Ruby and Garnet Barker from Double Act by Jacqueline Wilson
  • Bert and Nan and siblings Flossie and Freddie Bobbsey are both mixed-gender fraternal twins from The Bobbsey Twins series of children's novels penned under the pseudonym Laura Lee Hope
  • Raistlin and Caramon Majere from the Dragonlance novels
  • Alec and Jane Volturi from New Moon and Breaking Dawn Twilight (series)
  • Dora and Nora Chance from Wise Children, by Angela Carter
  • Jessica and Elizabeth Wakefield from Sweet Valley High, Sweet Valley Twins, Sweet
  • Valley Kids, The Unicorn Club, Sweet Valley Junior High, Senior Year, Sweet Valley
  • University, Elizabeth and Sweet Valley Confidential, all created by Francine Pascal


Twins in Theatrical Stories
  • Viola, the heroine of the Shakespeare play, Twelfth Night, has a twin brother, Sebastian
  • In Shakespeare's play The Comedy of Errors two sets of identical twins are present: Antipholus of Syracuse and Antipholus of Ephesus; Dromio of Syracuse and Dromio of Ephesus.


Twins in Television Shows
  • Chip and Skips from Camp Lazlo
  • Chuck and Leon from Rocko's Modern Life
  • Dave and Pingpong from Camp Lazlo
  • Peter and Susan Barlow from Coronation Street
  • Patty Lane and her cousin Cathy Lane from The Patty Duke Show
  • Buffy and Jody Davis from Family Affair
  • Sherri and Terri from The Simpsons
  • Patty and Selma Bouvier from The Simpsons
  • Tom and Annie Edison, The Edison Twins
  • Emily and Katie Fitch from Skins
  • Phil and Lil DeVille from the Children's TV Show Rugrats
  • Parker and Porter Scavo from Desperate Housewives
  • Jeffery and Michael Barone from Everybody Loves Raymond
  • Lifty and Shift from Happy Tree Friends'
  • Allie Horton and Johnny DiMera from the daytime soap opera Days of our Lives. Johnny
  • and Allie are twins as well as maternal half siblings, as they have two different fathers.
  • Marlena Evans and Samantha Evans, also from Days of our Lives
  • Phoebe Buffay from Friends and Ursula Buffay from Mad About You
  • Penny and Mindy Meadows from Ugly Betty
  • Susan and Mary Test from the TV series Johnny Test
  • Sam and Melanie Puckett from iCarly.
  • Tomax and Xamot from G.I. Joe cartoon series
  • Yuki and Agoo from Lola and Virginia.
  • Zack and Cody from the The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and spin offs.
  • Tia Landry and Tamera Campbell from Sister Sister
  • Leo and Lexa Pierce from Mutant X (TV series)
  • Bebe and Cece from The Proud Family
  • Brandon and Brenda Walsh from Beverly Hills 90210
  • Lemonjella and Orangejella LaBelle from Detention
  • Jetfire and Jetstorm from Transformers: Animated
  • Twin Panda from My Gym Partner's a Monkey
  • Sheldon and Missy in The Big Bang Theory
  • Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia Organa from Star Wars. Also, Leia's eldest children, Jaina Solo and Jacen Solo in the Expanded Universe (Star Wars).
  • Sharpay and Ryan Evans from High School Musical are fraternal twins.
  • Viola and Sebastian Hastings from She's the Man.
  • Austin Powers and Dr. Evil in Goldmember.
  • Shido and Bado from the anime Saint Seiya.
  • Sharon and Susan from the original The Parent Trap, released in 1961.
  • Hallie Parker and Annie James are the main characters in The Parent Trap remake in 1998.
  • Camryn and Alex from Twitches and Twitches Too.
  • Conner and Murphy MacManus, main characters in The Boondock Saints.
  • Mudflap & Skids the twins from Transformers: Revenge of The Fallen.
  • Yoh and Hao Asakura from Shaman King
  • Cagalli Yula Athha and Kira Yamato from the Anime Mobile Suit Gundam SEED and Mobile Suit Gundam SEED Destiny
  • Jeanne-Marie and Jean-Paul Beaubier (Aurora and Northstar) from Marvel Comics.
  • Desire and Despair of the Endless from The Sandman
  • Neil and Lyle Dylandy (both codenamed "Lockon Stratos") are identical twins from Gundam 00
  • Risa and Riku Harada from the Anime and Manga D.N.Angel
  • Kagami and Tsukasa Hiiragi from the manga and anime Lucky Star
  • Kaoru and Hikaru Hitachiin from the manga and anime Ouran High School Host Club
  • Karin and Yuzu Kurosaki from the manga and anime Bleach
  • Lien-da and Kragok from Sonic the Hedgehog
  • Pietro and Wanda Maximoff (Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch) from X-Men and The Avengers titles from Marvel Comics.
  • Garth Ranzz (Lightning Lad) and Ayla Ranzz (Lightning Lass) in Legion of Super-Heroes
  • Mion and Shion Sonozaki from Higurashi no Naku Koro ni
  • Suiseiseki and Souseiseki from Rozen Maiden
  • Zan and Jayna, alien twins better known as The Wonder Twins from DC Comics.


Twins in Games
  • Solid Snake and Liquid Snake from the Metal Gear Solid series
  • Kouji Minamoto and Kouichi Kimura from Digimon are identical twin brothers
  • Alfred Ashford and Alexia Ashford from Resident Evil Code: Veronica
  • Dante and Vergil from Devil May Cry series
  • Mio and Mayu Amakura from Fatal Frame II: Crimson Butterfly
  • Palom and Porom, twin characters in Final Fantasy IV
  • Billy Lee and Jimmy Lee from Double Dragon


This list includes certain twins which are also covered in List of twins, provided said twins have at least one additional older or younger sibling. Siblings are arranged alphabetically by last name, then listed from oldest to youngest.Sócrates and Raí, who are generally known by those names only, are listed in order of age.

List of Sibling pairs
  • Ben Affleck and Casey Affleck; actors
  • Mabel and Jack Albertson; actors
  • Phylicia Rashad and Debbie Allen; actresses (Debbie is also a singer, dancer and choreographer)
  • Don and Jim Ameche; actors
  • Vijay, Anand, and Ashok Amritraj; tennis players (Ashok is also a Hollywood producer)
  • Dana Andrews and Steve Forrest; actors
  • Claude & Nicolas Anelka; French footballer and agent
  • Haruchika, Nobuatsu and Takuma Aoki; Grand Prix motorcycle racers
  • Natalie and Nicole Appleton; singers, members of All Saints
  • James Arness and Peter Graves; actors
  • Rosanna, Alexis, Patricia, Richmond, and David Arquette; actors (Rosanna is also a film director/producer; Alexis is also a musician & cabaret performer)
  • Ron and Scott Asheton; musicians, members of The Stooges
  • Adele and Fred Astaire; actors, singers, dancers
  • Sean and Mackenzie Astin; actors, sons of actors Patty Duke and John Astin
  • Francis Edward Bache, composer and musician; Walter Bache, pianist and conductor;
  • and Constance Bache, composer, pianist and teacher.
  • Kevin and Michael Bacon; actor and composer-musician, respectively
  • John and Mary Badham; motion picture-director and actress, respectively
  • Lionel, Ethel, and John Barrymore; actors
  • Justine and Jason Bateman; actors
  • Shirley MacLaine and Warren Beatty; actors
  • John and Jim Belushi; actors, comedians
  • Lorne and Justin Berfield; actors
  • Peter Billingsley and Melissa Michaelsen; actors
  • Tony and Alex Black; actors
  • Edwin and John Wilkes Booth; actors
  • Ben and Eric Bostrom; motorcycle racers
  • Jocelyn and Marlon Brando; actors
  • Nicholas Brendon and Kelly Donovan; actors, identical twins
  • Spencer and Abigail Breslin; actors
  • Beau and Jeff Bridges; actors, sons of actor Lloyd Bridges
  • Pavel and Valeri Bure; hockey players
  • Kurt and Kyle Busch; NASCAR Sprint Cup Race Drivers
  • George 43rd President of the United States, Jeb Former Florida Governor, Neil
  • Businessman, Marvin Businessman, and Dorothy Bush author; Children of former
  • President George H. W. Bush and First Lady Barbara Bush
  • Kirk and Candace Cameron; actors
  • Christian and Neve Campbell; actors
  • Richard and Karen Carpenter; musicians, singers
  • Peter and Kitty Carruthers; figure-skaters
  • Nick and Aaron Carter; singers
  • Veronica and Angela Cartwright; actresses
  • Gerald and Bob Casale; musicians, members of Devo
  • Jason and Michael Castro; singer-songwriters
  • Bobby & Jack Charlton; English footballers
  • Erika and Dane Christensen; actors
  • Steve Clark (tap dancer) and Jimmy Clark (tap dancer) of The Clark Brothers (tap dancers)
  • Joan and Jackie Collins; actress and novelist, respectively
  • Sean and Neil Connery; actors
  • Roman and Sofia Coppola; filmmakers, children of Francis and Eleanor Coppola, cousins
  • of Jason and Robert Schwartzman and Nicolas Cage
  • Nikki and Matthew Cox; actors
  • Joan and John Cusack; actors
  • Dalvin DeGrate and DeVante Swing; musicians, members of Jodeci
  • Olivia de Havilland and Joan Fontaine; actresses
  • Keegan and Owen de Lancie; actors, sons of actor John de Lancie
  • Elizabeth and Kathleen Dennehy; actresses, daughters of Brian Dennehy
  • Emily and Zooey Deschanel; actresses, daughters of cinematographer Caleb Deschanel
  • Donna de Varona and Joanna Kerns; swimmer and actress, respectively
  • Matt and Kevin Dillon; actors
  • Magnus and Candida Doyle, musicians, members of Pulp
  • Bismarck and Jannie du Plessis, South Africa international rugby players
  • Hilary and Jacqueline du Pré; British flautist/memoirist and famous cellist, respectively
  • Haylie and Hilary Duff; singers, actresses
  • Griffin and Dominique Dunne; actors, children of author Dominick Dunne
  • Eliza and Nate Dushku; actors
  • Buddy and Vilma Ebsen; actors, dancers
  • Cindy and Lisa Eilbacher; actresses
  • Bob Einstein (AKA Super Dave Osborne) and Albert Brooks; actors, comedians, writers, sons of Parkyakarkus
  • Al and Ike Eisenmann; actors
  • Richard and Danny Elfman; film-maker and member of Oingo Boingo, respectively
  • Phil and Tony Esposito; hockey players
  • Fred and Richard Fairbrass; musicians, singers, members of Right Said Fred
  • Dakota and Elle Fanning; actresses
  • David and Michael Faustino; actors
  • Mindy and Corey Feldman; singer-actors
  • Stacy and Dana Ferguson; actresses
  • Ralph and Joseph Fiennes; actors
  • Max and Dave Fleischer; animators
  • Andy and Grant Flower; Zimbabwe cricketers
  • Jane and Peter Fonda; actors, children of actor Henry Fonda
  • Edward and James Fox; actors
  • Magda, Eva, and Zsa-Zsa Gabor; actresses and socialites
  • Noel and Liam Gallagher; musicians, members of Oasis
  • Leif Garrett and Dawn Lyn; actors
  • Melissa and Sara Gilbert; actors
  • Cuba and Omar Gooding; actors, sons of jazz musician Cuba Gooding Sr
  • Ilene and Todd Graff; actors
  • Tony and Cammi Granato, ice hockey players
  • Colin and Jonny Greenwood; musicians, members of Radiohead
  • Melanie and Tracy Griffith; actresses, daughters of actress Tippi Hedren
  • Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm; writers
  • Michael and Mary Gross; actors
  • Greg and Bryant Gumbel; television broadcasters
  • Maggie and Jake Gyllenhaal; actors, children of Stephen Gyllenhaal
  • Cedric "K-Ci" and Joel "Jo-Jo" Hailey; musicians, members of K-Ci & JoJo and Jodeci
  • Matt and Jeff Hardy – professional wrestlers (see also Hardy Boyz)
  • Melissa Joan and Emily Hart; actresses
  • Murray and Anthony Stewart Head; actors
  • Margaux and Mariel Hemingway; models, actresses, granddaughters of novelist Ernest Hemingway
  • Christopher and Carrie Henn; actors
  • Paris and Nicky Hilton; socialites
  • Christopher and Peter Hitchens; authors, journalists
  • Ron and Clint Howard; actors, sons of actor Rance Howard
  • Season and Whip Hubley; actors
  • Kate and Oliver Hudson; actors
  • Lane and Booker Huffman – professional wrestlers (see also Harlem Heat)
  • Sarah and Emily Hughes; figure skaters
  • Frank and Jesse James; outlaws
  • Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple Computer; and Mona Simpson, novelist
  • Don Johnson, actor; and Jamie Skylar, singer
  • Wynonna and Ashley Judd; singer and actress (respectively), daughters of Naomi Judd
  • Stacy and James Keach; actors
  • John and Robert Kennedy; politicians
  • Caroline and John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Jr.; children of President "JFK" and Jacqueline Kennedy-Onassis
  • Jamie and Patsy Kensit; actors
  • Randi and Robby Kiger; actors
  • Jonathan and Jordan Knight; singers, members of New Kids on the Block
  • Mark and David Knopfler; musicians, members of Dire Straits
  • Martin and Chris Kratt; television hosts
  • Sid and Marty Krofft; television producers
  • Raymond, Thomas and Walter Kwok; chairmen of Sun Hung Kai Properties
  • Terry, 1984 and 1996 NASCAR Cup Champion, and Bobby Labonte, 2000 NASCAR Cup Champion, NASCAR Sprint Cup Drivers
  • Nick and Drew Lachey; singers, members of 98 Degrees
  • Michael and Brian Laudrup; football (soccer) players
  • Brandon and Shannon Lee; actors, children of martial arts-actor Bruce Lee
  • Spike and Joie Lee; producers, actors
  • Donovan Leitch (Jr.) and Ione Skye; actors, children of Donovan (Sr.)
  • Carrie and Matt Levin; actors
  • Damian and Gareth Lewis; actor/producer and writer/director, respectively
  • Benji Madden and Joel Madden; members of Good Charlotte
  • Michael and Virginia Madsen; actors
  • Tom and Ray Magliozzi; radio hosts
  • Costas and Louis Mandylor; actors, martial artists
  • Cooper, Peyton, and Eli Manning; American football players, sons of Archie Manning
  • Athan and Constantine Maroulis; singers, actors
  • Garry and Penny Marshall; motion picture-directors
  • Albert and David Maysles; documentary filmmakers
  • John and Patrick McEnroe; tennis players
  • Danica and Crystal McKellar; actresses
  • Philip and Nancy McKeon; actors
  • Shane McMahon and Stephanie McMahon-Levesque; Executive Employee's for World Wrestling Entertainment
  • David and Marissa Mendenhall; actors
  • Alyson and Amanda Michalka; singers (Aly & AJ)
  • Alyssa and Corey Milano; actors (Alyssa is also a singer)
  • Kylie and Dannii Minogue; singers
  • Dominique and Christina Moceanu; gymnasts
  • Mark and Bob Mothersbaugh; musicians, members of Devo
  • Richard and Robert Mulligan; actor and motion picture-director, respectively
  • Seth and Liliana Mumy; actors, children of actor/musician/singer/writer Bill Mumy
  • Eddie and Charlie Murphy; actors and comedians
  • Gary and Phil Neville (English football players)
  • Fayard and Harold Nicholas; tap dancers (see also Nicholas Brothers)
  • Rob and Scott Niedermayer; hockey players
  • Jack Noseworthy and Katie Wright; actors
  • Jerry and Charlie O'Connell; actors
  • Chris and Collin O'Donnell; actors
  • Tatum, Griffin and Patrick O'Neal; actors, children of Ryan O'Neal
  • Eric and Susan Olsen; actors
  • Haley Joel and Emily Osment; actors
  • Hayden and Jansen Panettiere; actors
  • Anthony and Candace Parker; basketball players
  • Corey and Noelle Parker; actors
  • Jim and John Paxson; basketball players
  • Chuck and Wesley Person; basketball players
  • Vicky and Debbi Peterson; singers, musicians, composers, members of The Bangles
  • Michelle and Dedee Pfeiffer; actresses
  • Joaquin and Summer Phoenix; actors
  • Dennis and Randy Quaid; actors
  • Sócrates and Raí, Brazilian international footballers
  • Laird Macintosh and Heather Rattray; actors (she uses their actual family name)
  • Fernand, Louis and Marcel Renault; industrialists, founders of Renault
  • Simon and Phillip Rhee; martial arts-actors
  • Maurice and Henri Richard, hockey players
  • Natasha and Joely Richardson; actresses, daughters of Vanessa Redgrave, cousins
  • of Jemma and Kelly Clark
  • Eric and Julia Roberts; actors
  • Chris and Rich Robinson; musicians, members of The Black Crowes
  • Christophe and Olivier Rochus, Belgian tennis players
  • Evan and Tracee Ellis Ross; actors
  • Marat Safin and Dinara Safina; Russian (ethnic Tatar) tennis players
  • Emilio and Javier Sánchez and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario, Spanish tennis players
  • NB: Per Spanish naming customs, their first family name, inherited from their father,
  • is Sánchez, and their second family name, their mother's maiden name, is Vicario.
  • Emilio and Javier are internationally known as Sánchez, while Arantxa chose to
  • add their mother's maiden name of Vicario to her professional name.
  • Fred and Ben Savage; actors
  • Maria and Maximilian Schell; actors, cousins of Catherine Schell
  • Michael and Ralf Schumacher; Formula One drivers
  • Jason and Robert Schwartzman; actors, musicians, sons of Talia Shire, grandsons
  • of Carmine Coppola, cousins of Nicolas Cage and Sofia, Roman, and Christopher Coppola
  • Ridley and Tony Scott; motion picture-directors
  • Sterling and Shannon Sharpe; former American football players
  • Elisabeth and Andrew Shue; actors
  • Casey and Nina Siemaszko; actors
  • Jessica and Ashlee Simpson; singers, actresses
  • Marc and Lori Singer; actors
  • Britney and Jamie Lynn Spears; singers, actresses
  • Tori and Randy Spelling; actors, children of TV magnate Aaron Spelling
  • Bruce and Pamela Springsteen; rock impresario and actress, respectively
  • Rick and Scott Steiner – professional wrestlers (see also The Steiner Brothers)
  • Amy and Ben Stiller; actors
  • Guy and Dean Stockwell; actors
  • Dorothy and Louise Stratten; models, actresses
  • Masao and Naoto Suenaga; drifting drivers, competes in D1 Grand Prix
  • Niki and Krissy Taylor; supermodels
  • Meg and Jennifer Tilly; actors
  • John and Nicholas Turturro; actors (also cousins of actress Aida Turtorro
  • Rory and Tony Underwood; English rugby union wingers
  • Reuben and Benny Urquidez; martial arts-actors
  • Dick and Jerry Van Dyke; actors
  • Alex and Eddie Van Halen; musicians, members of Van Halen
  • James and Vincent Van Patten; actors, sons of actor Dick Van Patten
  • Stevie Ray and Jimmie Vaughan; musicians
  • Donnie and Mark Wahlberg; singers, actors
  • Darrell NASCAR Broadcaster and Michael Waltrip NASCAR Sprint Cup Drivers Daytona 500 Champions Darrell is the 1989 Daytona 500 Race champion while Michael won the race twice in 2001 and 2003. Also, Darrell is a three time NASCAR Cup Champion in 1981, 1982, and 1985.
  • Gerard Way and Mikey Way; members of My Chemical Romance
  • Maurice and Verdine White; musicians, members of Earth, Wind and Fire
  • Dominique and Gerald Wilkins; basketball players
  • Venus and Serena Williams; tennis players
  • Ann and Nancy Wilson; singers, musicians, members of Heart
  • Carnie and Wendy Wilson; singers, members of Wilson Phillips, daughters of Brian Wilson
  • Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson – musicians; founding members of The Beach Boys
  • Ricky and Cindy Wilson; composers, musicians, singers, members of The B-52's
  • Tracy and Bridgette Wilson; actresses (Bridgette is also a singer)
  • Jeff and Michael Wincott; actors
  • Edgar and Johnny Winter; musicians
  • Rob and Richard Witschge; football players
  • Natalie and Lana Wood; actors
  • Wilbur and Orville Wright; inventors

[H.O.B. note: The two Wright brothers should be mentioned along with their sister Kathyrn Wright Haskell. No doubt there was a third (or more) person(s) who contributed to the fame of the pairs or twins.

  • Tina and Corey Yothers; musicians, actors, members of It's Magic and Jaded
  • Malcolm and Angus Young; musicians, members of AC/DC
  • John Savage; Robin, Gail and Jim Youngs; actors
  • Jennifer and Lachlan Youngs; actors, children of John Savage
  • Lisa and Billy Zane; actors
  • David and Jerry Zucker; motion picture-writers and directors
  • Joel and Edward Zwick; motion picture-directors
  • And, of course: the Allman Brothers; the Bee Gees; the Coen Brothers; the Corrs;
  • DeBarge; the Everly Brothers; the Farrelly Brothers; Hanson; the Isley Brothers;
  • The Jacksons; The Brothers Johnson; the Kelly Family; Maserati Brothers; the Osmonds;
  • The Pointer Sisters; the Shaw Brothers; Sister Sledge; the Smothers Brothers; the Wachowski Brothers; Wood Brothers et al.


The following comes from Wickipedia: List of Fictional Detective Teams

This is a list of fictional detective teams from popular detective fiction. This list includes pairs of characters who appear in a series of novels or short stories, not characters who are teamed only for a single story. Where two detectives work together, they are listed as A and B; where a single detective is regularly accompanied by a non-detecting sidekick or chronicler they are listed as A with B. The author who created the team appears in parentheses.


List of Fictional Detective Team duos
  • Elijah Baley and R. Daneel Olivaw - (Isaac Asimov)
  • Tommy and Tuppence Beresford - (Agatha Christie)
[H.O.B. note: the name "Tuppence" is thought by some to be derived from two words: "Two Pence", or two pennies]

List of Fictional Detective Team duos, continued
  • Nick and Nora Charles - (Dashiell Hammett)
  • Bertha Cool and Donald Lam - (Erle Stanley Gardner as A. A. Fair)
  • Lord Darcy and Sean O'Lochlainn - (Randall Garrett)
  • Dalziel and Pascoe - (Reginald Hill)
  • Grijpstra and de Gier - (Janwillem van de Wetering)
  • Frank and Joe Hardy - (Franklin W. Dixon)
  • Hawk and Fisher - (Simon Green)
  • Sherlock Holmes with Dr. John H. Watson - (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)
  • Travis McGee and Meyer - (John D. MacDonald)
  • Hercule Poirot with Arthur Hastings - (Agatha Christie)
  • Nero Wolfe and Archie Goodwin - (Rex Stout)
  • Sister Fidelma with Brother Eadulf - (Peter Tremayne)
  • Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)
  • The ClueFinders
  • Thomson and Thompson - The Adventures of Tintin (Hergé)
  • Hldegarde Withers with Inspector Oscar Piper - (Stuart Palmer)
  • Snooper and Blabber - Hanna-Barbera
  • Sharky and George
  • Scooby Doo and The Mystery Inc. Gangs - Hanna-Barbera


The following examples comes from: Wikipedia: Duos

This category is for all kind of duos: music duos, actor duos, dancer duos, duos in sports, and fictional duos.

  • A...
  • Abda and Sabas
  • Abib and Apollo
  • Abraham and Onesimus of Kiev
  • Achilles and Patroclus
  • Adam and Eve
  • Ahmed and Mohammed Hussain
  • Ali Berzengi and Ferman Abdulla
  • Anand-Milind
  • Kalyanji Anandji
  • Opie and Anthony
  • B...
  • The Bar Wizards
  • Barlett and Steele
  • Beaumont and Fletcher
  • Ben & Jerry's
  • Benevento/Russo Duo
  • Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini
  • Big Chuck and Lil' John
  • Bonnie and Clyde
  • Bud & Travis
  • C...
  • Ellie Campbell (author)
  • La Caution
  • Charles and Eddie
  • Barry and Sally Childs-Helton
  • Clarinet-Cello repertoire
  • CocoRosie
  • Theodore Cole and Ralph Roe
  • Corby & Baily
  • Couple
  • Cox & Forkum
  • CunninLynguists
  • Saints Cyril and Methodius
  • D...
  • David & David
  • Delia Gonzalez & Gavin Russom
  • The Delmore Brothers
  • The Dolans
  • E...
  • Roxanne Ellis and Michelle Abdill
  • James Harmon Brown and Barbara Esensten
  • Eyedea & Abilities
  • F...
  • Sean Fletcher and Isabel Reichert
  • Nicci French
  • G...
  • Galton and Simpson
  • Gilbert and Sullivan
  • Gora Badal
  • Gordianus and Epimachus
  • John and Benjamin Green
  • Amy Grossberg and Brian Peterson
  • H...
  • The Hairy Bikers
  • Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold
  • Harmodius and Aristogeiton
  • I...
  • Ich + Ich
  • Ilf and Petrov
  • Illya Kuryaki and the Valderramas
  • Informatik
  • Bill and Bobbie Irvine
  • J...
  • Shankar Jaikishan
  • Jake and the Phatman
  • Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman
  • John Brancato and Michael Ferris
  • Jondi & Spesh
  • K...
  • K Foundation
  • Kate and Gin
  • Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum
  • Kumataro Kido and Yagoro Tani
  • Celia Kitzinger and Sue Wilkinson
  • Kozyndan
  • The Krankies
  • Kris Kross
  • L...
  • The Last Shadow Puppets
  • Laxmikant-Pyarelal
  • Layla and Majnun
  • Leopold and Loeb
  • Lewis and Clark Expedition
  • Lynne & Tessa
  • M...
  • Maggira Sisters
  • Mark and Lard
  • John and Richard Marriot
  • Reuben and Rose Mattus
  • Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden
  • The Mommies
  • Grace Monroe
  • Morgan-McVey
  • Abbas-Mustan
  • N...
  • Nathanson and Young
  • Natural Born Killers
  • Natural Selection (group)
  • Andrew Nicholls and Darrell Vickers
  • Kevin and Don Norte
  • O...
  • Kyle & Jackie O
  • Owen and Mzee
  • P...
  • The Pendragons
  • Perry and Croft
  • Peter Rose and Anne Conlon
  • Pierre et Gilles
  • Platinum Weird
  • R...
  • Rankin & Chris
  • Jewel and Blaire Restaneo
  • Rob'n'Raz
  • Robson & Jerome
  • Thomas Rogers and Anne Rogers
  • Ronald & Ruby
  • Siegfried & Roy
  • S...
  • Salim-Javed
  • Salim-Sulaiman
  • Satan and Adam
  • Scarlett and Black
  • Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski
  • Gaetano and Pietro Sgarabotto
  • Shields and Yarnell
  • Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith
  • Shiv-Hari
  • Simon James and Hill
  • Sjöwall and Wahlöö
  • Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith
  • Sohni Mahiwal
  • Somerville and Ross
  • Spacedust
  • Special Delivery Starring Sam and Dave
  • Stenberg brothers
  • Stuckey and Murray
  • T...
  • Tate and Brady
  • Thomson & Craighead
  • Caroline and Charles Todd
  • Tom Gammill and Max Pross
  • Tom and Chris Kastle
  • Torvill and Dean
  • Two Fat Ladies
  • Two Guys from Andromeda
  • Typically Tropical
  • Tyquin Brothers (rugby league)
  • U...
  • The Ubin Twinz
  • V...
  • Brenda and Robert Vale
  • Roland and Almita Vamos
  • Vasilyev brothers
  • Duo Vela
  • W...
  • Waltrip brothers
  • The Weather Girls
  • The Western Brothers
  • The Wild Pair
  • Sue Wilkinson
  • William Pint and Felicia Dale
  • Wisin & Yandel
  • The Woodies
  • Y...
  • Yaren Ensemble
  • Yin and yang
  • Yusuf and Zulaikha



Let me add one "two" example to the following list: Nature - Nurture. The list comes from:

PSYCHOLOGY 461,
HISTORY AND SYSTEMS OF PSYCHOLOGY,
DR. WARREN R. STREET

  • Conscious mentalism - Unconscious mentalism: Emphasis on awareness of mental structure or activity vs. unawareness; coincides with rationalism - irrationalism dichotomy.
  • Behaviorism - Mentalism: Proper study of psychological focuses on objective content or on subjective content.
  • Determinism - Indeterminism - Nondeterminism: Human events completely determined by antecedents and explicable vs. determined but incompletely explicable vs. not determined.
  • Empiricism - Rationalism: Major, if not exclusive source of knowledge is experience vs. reason.
  • Functionalism - Structuralism: Psychology should describe adaptive activities vs. elemental classes and contents.
  • Mechanism - Vitalism: Activities of living beings completely explicable by physiochemical constituents vs. not so explicable.
  • Molecularism - Molarism Small versus Large units of behavior.
  • Monism - Dualism: Fundamental principle or entity in universe is of one kind vs. two kinds, mind and matter.
  • Nativism - Empiricism: Thought and behavior emerges from innate structures vs. emerges from experiences.
  • Subjectivism - Objectivism: Introspective accounts of experience do, or do not, constitute valid data.
  • Universalism - Relativism: Is the world an objective entity, the same for everyone, or is it relative to the perceiver?

The foregoing is a marvelous list but there are other examples in the outline. The outline even provides some patterns-of-three examples and may well introduce you to the "Third Force" topic. However, it doesn't provide a reference to the Monism (one) - Dualism (two) - Pluralism (three) pattern of overall thinking, which is succinctly described as the one - two - many pattern. And in particular, it does not provide you with a similar list of trichotomies... since "threes" are very much a part of our historical thinking. The students taking the professor's class are being deprived of a very real thinking pattern, particularly when it is quite pervasive and documented by cultural anthropologists. The students should be up in arms and protest against such a discrepancy in their education. It's time for a Revolution!

Granted that many readers may want to suggest that a third, middle ground be added as a viable consideration, it is necessary to note that not only is there a persistence of dichotomies, but a persistence in the usage thereof. Why isn't there a persistence in the usage of a three-patterned array though many of us recognize the existence thereof? Is it that the brains of students, as a new generation, have a brain developing towards a greater usage of three-patterned observations but instructors, as an older generation have an "old" brain which is most comfortable teaching old brain information... like a stagecoach maker who would (assumedly) be more comfortable making stage-coaches than working on an assembly line putting a Cadillac together? Perhaps the field of Psychology (and other subject areas) needs to be made in another image... such as a trichotomous one which can encapsulate dichotomies because a focus on dichotomies has difficulty in doing so. The two-patterned attributes of the right hemisphere changes the existing three-patterned structures of the left hemisphere attributes into patterns-of-two, while the three-patterned attributes of the left hemisphere more easily appreciate the two-patterned structure of the right hemisphere attributes without needing to impose its "three"-value on them.


Paul MacLean's triune brain hypothesis distinguishes that the human brain is 3 brains in 1:

triune brain concept

To enhance our appreciation of brain development with respect to categorizing attributes that may help us to better distinguish between a criminal and non-criminal brain, we need to elaborate on a means to help us in differentiating characteristic related to these 3 different brain sections:

Attributes of the brain hemispheres show a distinctive (but somewhat overlapping) partitioning along a 1-patterned, 2-patterned, 3-patterned formula, with the earlier brain structures exhibiting a smaller numerically identifiable value, just as we find in the development of Primordial Germ Layers to the extent that we humans, as a complex organism, grow from 3 Germ Layers, and less complex organisms grow from fewer than 3 layers. See Brain Attributes pages starting here:

Brain Attributes page 1


Left and Right brain hemisphere attributes

***Note: Much of the brain illustration shown above was adapted from page 106 of Dean Falk's book entitled "Brain Dance," 1992.

3-patterned formula to brain hemisphere attributes:

When we look at the assigned culturally recognized attributes of the brain, we can see a distinct (over-lapping) 1-patterned, or 2-patterned, or 3-patterned arrangement:



Left Hemisphere
(Predominantly 3-patterned)

Math:
Associative
Commutative
Distributive

Logic:
Major Premise
Minor Premise
Conclusion

Time Sequencing:
Seconds~Minutes~Hours
Past~ Present~Future
Day~Week~Month

Language:
Subject
Object
Verb

Right Body Side:
Tri-cuspid heart valve
Three-lobed lung		 Right Hemisphere
(Predominantly 2-patterned)

Holistic:
Macro versus Micro
Whole versus Part
Inner versus Outer

Music:
Major Scale vs Minor Scale
Loud versus Soft (Quiet)
Consonance vs Dissonance

Visuospatial: (Art)
Background vs Foreground
Light vs Dark (Contrasts)
1 Dimension vs 2 Dimensions

Emotions:
Pain versus Pleasure
Positive vs Negative
Love versus Hate

Left Body Side:
Bi-cuspid heart valve
Two-lobed lung
Human Heart

The correlations of two and three being made on this page are not typical considerations. However, I did come across a single reference concerning the tricuspid valve:

--- Why does the right side of the heart have a TRICUSPID valve? ---
http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/mar97/855255174.An.r.html
Human Lungs

In recognizing that the left lung is smaller than the right lung (which provides room for the heart), let us conjecture that this is due to some past earlier developmental sequence just as we find the 1-layer, 2-layer, 3-layer sequential development of the 3 primordial germ layers (Ectoderm- Mesoderm- Entoderm) in primitive to more complex organisms. Hence, difference in size (dimorphism) as well as a two/ or three prominence may provide another link towards understanding developmental processes. Does this mean that the recurring smallness of the female to the male in many species indicates that females came before the male in terms of species-specific evolutionary development during particular environmental circumstances? If so, will there be an increased development towards a 3 to 1 "fusion" ratio?

In ancient times, it was once thought that a male child was generated from the right testicle and a female child from the left testicle. This right side = male and left side = female is in keeping with the cross-referencing pattern related to brain hemisphere functioning controlling the opposite side of the body, as seen when a person has a stroke.

ROOT SYSTEM
(Reptilian)
(Predominantly 1-Patterned)

(Self)-Preservation~ (Self)-Procreation~ (Self)-Preeminence

Note: this "self" is a misnomer since it is better identified as not necessarily being aware of ones-"self" as an entity. Neither is the "self" in this present context to be identified with a "self"-referential "I" or "Me", in terms of an ego-centricism.



Some additional two-patterned references found in music:
  • Tension and Release
  • Staccato and Legato
  • Slow and Fast
  • Ascending and Descending

An analogy to the above 3 divisions (Reptilian~ Mammalian~ Neo(New)-Mammalian) can be made with the ancient view of the world once held by Nordic peoples who thought the three roots and three limbs of the Yggdrasil tree held Earth, Hell, and Heaven together. In their own way, they were illustrating a fundamental organizational structure of the brain that matures along a 1 ~ 2 ~ 3 maturational development sequence. It is because of this underlying basic formula that humans tend to organize world views in a three-patterned manner, in singular and multiple representations thereof.

For those of you who have a penchant for taking the obvious for granted, please note that the Nordic peoples are part of the Indo-European family, and it is this (3rd born) family, more so than (2nd born) Asians and (1st born) Africans which has the greatest proclivity for developing three-patterned views of the world:

Yggdrasil tree

Note: When we use the left hemisphere attribute "analysis" to define qualities of the right hemisphere, we often-times assign an additional third criteria in one form or another. When we use the right hemisphere attribute 'viewing' (recognizing) to define qualities of the left hemisphere, we often-times alter the 3-part descriptions into 2-part 'portraits'. For example, (generally speaking):

Left "analyzing" Right: Holistic may acquire the additional term "Synergy" or "Unity"; Music can develop a Triadic structure; Art acquires a 3rd dimension and 3-color (trichromatic) theory; Emotion is assigned words such as Compassion, Patience, and Empathy.

Right "viewing" Left: Math may be seen as Give & Take; Logic may become a Mind/Body dichotomy; Time is related to Life & Death; Language is perceived as High & Low pitch.

Left "analyzing" Reptilian attributes may develop three criteria which distinguish a (3 in 1) singular nature, such as arousal, motivation, and emotion.

Right "viewing" Reptilian attributes may picture the basic drives as the seat of emotion whereby a type of kinship alliance is formulated in order to maintain the idea of a dual brain by not permitting the "Reptilian Brain" a separate entity status.

In adding to the above, we could include the following remarks (taken out of their original context):


"...To further complicate the process, it has been suggested that we have 3 major components in our brain function - instinct, emotion, and intellect. The 3 layers of function correspond to the major layers of brain matter that have been added as we evolved through various stages. Evolution didn't throw much away as humans evolved - our brains have added new layers on top of what was already there instead of the more difficult total restructuring or replacement. We still harbor a primitive reptilian brain at our cores that runs a lot of our subconscious systems like digestion, respiration and circulation. Along the way we picked up a number of only marginally compatible and integrated layers, evolving our conscious minds only with the addition of the outermost layer."

--- Perception and Behavior --- by Kort E Patterson


Initial Posting date: Tuesday, Dec. 9, 2014
Updated Posting: Thursday, Dec. 11, 2014
Latest Update: Thursday, 4th October 2018... 5:32 PM

Your Questions, Comments or Additional Information are welcomed:
Herb O. Buckland
herbobuckland@hotmail.com